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Monday, July 21, 2008

God according to Islam - through Ameerul Mu'mineeen Imam 'Ali (AS) video w/ English subs





To view the above Video click (here)

Another is an excerpt from 'Nahjul Balaghah':

HIS SERMON 1

(quote is only portion of the beginning of longer sermon)


In this sermon he recalls the creation of Earth and Sky and the birth of Adam.

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الحَمْدُ للهِ الَّذَي لاَ يَبْلُغُ مِدْحَتَهُ القَائِلُونَ، وَلاِ يُحْصِي نَعْمَاءَهُ العَادُّونَ،

ولاَ يُؤَدِّي حَقَّهُ الُمجْتَهِدُونَ، الَّذِي لاَ يُدْركُهُ بُعْدُ الهِمَمِ،

وَلاَ يَنَالُهُ غَوْصُ الفِطَنِ، الَّذِي لَيْسَ لِصِفَتِهِ حَدٌّ مَحْدُودٌ،

وَلاَ نَعْتٌ مَوْجُودٌ، وَلا وَقْتٌ مَعْدُودٌ، وَلا أَجَلٌ مَمْدُودٌ. ا


Praise is due to Allah whose worth cannot be described by speakers, whose bounties cannot be counted by calculators and whose claim (to obedience) cannot be satisfied by those who attempt to do so, whom the height of intellectual courage cannot appreciate, and the divings of understanding cannot reach; He for whose description no limit has been laid down, no eulogy exists, no time is ordained and no duration is fixed.

He brought forth creation through His Omnipotence, dispersed winds through His Compassion, and made firm the shaking earth with rocks.

أَوَّلُ الدِّينِ مَعْرِفَتُهُ، وَكَمَالُ مَعْرِفَتِهِ التَّصْديقُ بِهِ،

وَكَمَالُ التَّصْدِيقِ بِهِ تَوْحِيدُهُ، وَكَمَالُ تَوْحِيدِهِ الاْ

خْلاصُ لَهُ، وَكَمَالُ الاْ خْلاصِ لَهُ نَفْيُ الصِّفَاتِ عَنْهُ

لِشَهَادَةِ كُلِّ صِفَة أَنَّها غَيْرُ المَوْصُوفِ، وَشَهَادَةِ كُلِّ

مَوْصُوف أَنَّهُ غَيْرُ الصِّفَةِ، فَمَنْ وَصَفَ اللهَ سُبْحَانَهُ فَقَدْ قَرَنَهُ،

وَمَنْ قَرَنَهُ فَقَدْ ثَنَّاهُ،وَمَنْ ثَنَّاهُ فَقَد جَزَّأَهُ، وَمَنْ جَزَّأَهُ فَقَدْ جَهِلَهُ،

وَمَنْ جَهِلَهُ فَقَدْ أشَارَ إِلَيْهِ،

وَمَنْ أشَارَ إِلَيْهِ فَقَدْ حَدَّهُ، وَمَنْ حَدَّهُ فَقَدْ عَدَّهُ،

وَمَنْ قَالَ: «فِيمَ» فَقَدْ ضَمَّنَهُ، وَمَنْ قَالَ: «عَلاَمَ؟» فَقَدْ أَخْلَى مِنُهُ.

كائِنٌ لاَ عَنْ حَدَث، مَوْجُودٌ لاَ عَنْ عَدَم، مَعَ كُلِّ شَيْء لاَ

بِمُقَارَنَة، وَغَيْرُ كُلِّ شيء لا بِمُزَايَلَة، فَاعِلٌ لا بِمَعْنَى

الْحَرَكَاتِ وَالاْلةِ، بَصِيرٌ إذْ لاَ مَنْظُورَ إلَيْهِ مِنْ

خَلْقِهِ، مُتَوَحِّدٌ إذْ لاَ سَكَنَ يَسْتَأْنِسُ بهِ وَلاَ يَسْتوْحِشُ لِفَقْدِهِ.



The foremost in religion is the acknowledgement of Him, the perfection of acknowledging Him is to testify Him, the perfection of testifying Him is to believe in His Oneness, the perfection of believing in His Oneness is to regard Him Pure, and the perfection of His purity is to deny Him attributes, because every attribute is a proof that it is different fromthat to which it is attributed and everything to which something is attributed is different from the attribute.

Thus whoever attaches attributes to Allah recognises His like, and who recognises His like regards Him two; and who regards Him two recognises parts for Him; and who recognises parts for Him mistook Him; and who mistook Him pointed at Him; and who pointed at Him admitted limitations for Him; and who admitted limitations for Him numbered Him.

Whoever said in what is He, held that He is contained; and whoever said on what is He held He is not on something else. He is a Being but not through phenomenon of coming into being. He exists but not from non-existence. He is with everything but not in physical nearness.He is different from everything but not in physical separation.

He acts but without connotation of movements and instruments. He sees even when there is none to be looked at from among His creation. He is only One, such that there is none with whom He may keep company or whom He may miss in his absence.

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Footnotes:

1. فَطَرَ الخلائقَ: ابتدعها على غير مثال سبق.

2. وَتّدَ ـ بالتشديد والتخفيف ـ : ثبّت.

3. ميَدان أرضه: تحرّكها بتمايل

4. لاعن حَدَث: لا عن إيجاد موجد.

5. المزايلة: المفارقة والمباينة.

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4 comments:

al-faqir ilallah said...

Assalamu 'alaikum wr wb,

Thanks Ustadh for this post. It is a great sermon by Imam Ali indeed. However, in the part when he mentioned that we should deny any attribution to Allah, this, I believe, do not apply to the 20 attributes of Allah that we learnt. Am I right ya Ustadh?

Yours,

Sameer

Zhulkeflee Bin Haji Ismail said...

Wa'alaykum salaam wr wb

I am afraid it does apply to any kinds of attributions conceived by man.

You see, Imam ‘Ali a.s. was speaking about perfection of Allah’s "pureness” :

“the perfection of His purity is to deny Him attributes,”

– Regarding knowledge of Allah s. w.t. surely it is presumptuous to think that any one, apart from Allah Himself, could have the knowledge of His true attributes. Allah s.w.t. says: “Nor shall they compass aught of His knowledge except as He willeth.[Q:2:255]”

Thus we always utter glorification of “ سُبۡحَـٰنَ ٱللَّهِ “. This glorification actually is admission of our utter ignorance when compared to the knowledge that is with Allah, as taught to us when He says: :

سُبۡحَـٰنَ ٱللَّهِ عَمَّا يَصِفُونَ

“Glory to Allah (He is free) from the (sort of) things they attribute to Him! (Qur’an: Mu’minun: 23:91).

Actually the rationale is already explained by Imam ‘Ali a.s. thus:

“because every attribute is a proof that it is different from that to which it is attributed, and everything to which something is attributed is different from the attribute.”

Regarding the 20 Sifat (attributes), it is our doctrinal position only as refutations to the ‘rationalists’ absurd assertion of Allah’s attributes that must be corrected. Still, it is within our human perception, although the most correct. Yet we do not claim that whatever our knowledge can perceive, it is still not‘pure’ – subHaanAllah!High & Exalted is Allah[s.w.t.].

Hope this clarifies.

WaAllahu a’lam

al-faqir ilallah said...

Wa'alaykum salaam wr wb

Shukran ustadh. The dhikr of "subhanallah' is a gift from Him indeed, for with it, we are able purify Him from any conceptions that we had of Him in our minds. Wallahu 'alam. Shukran ya ustadh.

Sameer

Unknown said...

Assalamualaikum wr. wb.

If I may, this is my thinking on the matter based on my very limited study:

Highest level: Only Allah truly knows His attributes. Hence only Allah can truly describe himself. He is thus in this sense "unknowable". This is the unfathomable mystery of Allah s.w.t. All descriptions fail and any attempts to describe Him pales miserably as compared to the descriptions that he knows of Himself.

Qur'anic (Second) Level: Allah DOES describe Himself in the Qur'an (for eg. through asserting His sifah in many ayahs). These are descriptions that He ascribes to Himself according to the limited ability of Man to understand Him. Sifat 20 is an explication of such attributes found in the Qur'an. Such attributions are used to remind ourselves of Allah s.w.t knowing full well that considering the highest level above, Allah is not in anyway limited by such attributions as Man understands them - due to the limited capacity of Man to understand the nature of God.

The Rational (Third) Level (Having "reasonable" meaning): These are Man's ascriptions as to the attributes of Allah (God). I remember reading a long time ago about a tribe, I think it is in New Guinea who describe God as the "one with no anus". Although poignant and even humorous, it is "reasonably" meaningful if we think about it. But of course, such descriptions are crude. However, it is an example of the limitation of discourse about God at this level.

Irrational (Fourth) Level (Having unreasonable, even false attribution to God but often passed off as rational): These are ascriptions to God made foolishly even by those regarded as thinkers. One ascription is Descarte's consideration that God is Evil. In his Meditations, he considers the idea that God is a deceiver. The ascriptions of such attributes are false and clearly both opposes the Aqidah of the Muslims as well as regarded as downright absurd by us. Another false ascription is that God procreates (has a son). God is the creator and does not procreate.

The above analysis, of course, is not exhaustive. Furthermore, the levels can be seen in a different dimension; the other dimension starts with the Highest level as mentioned above and the second level is the level of the Prophets' undertsanding of the nature of God followed by the Angels and so on to the foolish men who are completely wrong in their ascriptions of the nature of God. This is not to mention those who even deny His existence (Naudzu-bilLah!)

I hope I am on the right track for I am still learning. Doa for me ya Ustaz...